Ukraine's Center for Countering Disinformation said the clip was recorded in Yaroslavl, Russia. It circulated with Polish captions claiming the men were Ukrainians behaving "as though Poland were their own country" and that passengers were afraid to intervene.
The center traced the original video to "June 2026." The bus interior matches vehicles manufactured by the Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) and used in Russia, it said. One of the men is also holding "an Essa beer," a Russian product that is not sold in Poland.
The original video carried a Russian caption meaning "convicts are listening to music."
The center said posts containing the altered version attracted unusually high activity from Russian bot accounts, automated profiles used to amplify online messages.
The misinformation spread following an incident on July 11 on a municipal bus in Bielsko-Biała, southern Poland. A 54-year-old man verbally attacked a Ukrainian teenager and her friends, using aggressive and vulgar language.
Prosecutors charged him on Tuesday with insulting three Ukrainians, including two 11-year-old girls, and making unlawful physical contact with one of them.
Source: PAP