The Russian aircraft did not violate Polish airspace, Kosiniak-Kamysz said in a post on X.
"The Russians are once again testing the capabilities of our air defence systems," he wrote. "A pair of Polish fighter jets on alert from Malbork intercepted two Russian Su-30 aircraft over the Baltic Sea."
After completing that operation, the Polish pilots were redirected to intercept a Russian Il-20 reconnaissance plane about 30 kilometres north of the Baltic coast near the seaside resort of Jastrzębia Góra, he said.
"After our escort mission ended, the Russian aircraft was taken over by Swedish fighter jets," Kosiniak-Kamysz added. "In neither case was Polish airspace violated."
The latest interceptions follow similar incidents on Tuesday and Wednesday.
On Wednesday, Polish fighter jets intercepted two Russian Su-30SM2 fighters operating from Russia's Kaliningrad exclave, while on Tuesday they intercepted a Russian Il-20 spy plane about 30 kilometres north of the coastal town of Ustka over international waters.
Kosiniak-Kamysz said Tuesday's incident marked the first Russian attempt "in some time" to approach Poland's maritime border to gather intelligence on the country's air defence systems.
He said the activity showed that Russia "continues to wage hybrid warfare, conducts reconnaissance operations and remains hostile toward all NATO member states."
Polish fighter aircraft have intercepted Russian military planes over the Baltic at least a dozen times this year, according to officials. A previous interception of a Russian spy plane by Polish jets over international waters took place in May.
Russian reconnaissance aircraft, and more recently combat aircraft, have regularly flown over the Baltic Sea with their transponders switched off and without filed flight plans, making them difficult to identify remotely and complicating the work of civilian air traffic controllers, Polish state news agency PAP reported.