The man was detained after police spotted him photographing passing trains and railway infrastructure, according to a police statement.
Police said an analysis of storage devices found on the man revealed hundreds of thousands of files documenting various locations and important transportation facilities, including critical infrastructure in Poland and other countries.
The suspect was charged with acting on behalf of a foreign intelligence service against Poland by photographing railway and transportation infrastructure and production facilities with the intention of passing the material to a foreign intelligence service, police said.
Investigators seized electronic and photographic equipment, mobile phones, laptops, high-capacity portable and external drives, as well as several identity documents, Polish state news agency PAP reported.
The evidence collected by investigators provided grounds to seek the man's pre-trial detention, police said. A court ordered him held for three months.
The suspect faces a prison sentence of at least five years if convicted, according to police.
(gs)
Source: IAR/PAP, policja.gov.pl