European Commission head Ursula von der Leyen will take part in some of the talks, with EU enlargement expected to be the main topic of the summit, scheduled for November 4 and 5.
Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia together form a regional cooperation platform known as the Visegrad Group (V4).
Slovakia, which assumed the rotating one-year presidency of the regional group on July 1, has identified EU enlargement as one of its priorities.
The meeting will be held in Trenčín, which has been named a European Capital of Culture for 2026.
Pellegrini is expected to host Polish President Karol Nawrocki, Czech President Petr Pavel and Hungarian President András Baka.
The presidents will have a joint cultural programme at a synagogue in Trenčín on November 4, with the main part of the summit scheduled for November 5 at Trenčín Castle.
During a working lunch, the four presidents and von der Leyen will also discuss foreign policy challenges, the Slovak president's office said.
The summit will take place a day after US mid-term elections that could alter the balance of power in Congress, Polish state news agency PAP reported.
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Source: IAR/PAP