Tusk cited ambitious plans in space, digitisation, satellites and modern defence industries, as well as traditional sectors such as mining, coal gasification and shipbuilding.
Modi said cooperation had accelerated since the two countries elevated their relations to a strategic partnership in 2024.
He said Poland's GDP passed a historic threshold last year, while India's economy grew by 7.8 percent in the latest quarter.
He said the countries' economic strength offered broad opportunities for cooperation, which would be further expanded by a free trade agreement.
He expressed his hope that the two countries would work together to establish trusted supply chains and achieve their shared goal of doubling bilateral trade.
Modi said the countries shared a belief in the rule of law and democracy, and pledged support for efforts to achieve peace in Ukraine.
He also highlighted their shared approach to humanity, kindness and compassion, and referred to the youth exchange programme.
Tusk said he would travel to Bengaluru on Thursday evening with entrepreneurs and representatives of the Polish Space Agency (POLSA) and space and technology companies.
He was also due to open a business forum in New Delhi later on Thursday.
Tusk announced that March 30, the anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, would be marked annually as Polish-Indian Friendship Day.
On Friday in Bengaluru, Tusk is due to meet Maharaja Yuvraj Sambhajiraje Chhatrapati, Karnataka Chief Minister D.K. Shivakumar and Governor Sudha Yadav, and take part in a Polish-Indian business seminar focused on ICT and aerospace.
(sp/gs)
Source: PAP