The poll found that 14 percent oppose Poland’s EU membership.
CBOS said support peaked in June 2022, when 92 percent backed membership and 5 percent were opposed.
Support is strongest among respondents with higher socioeconomic status, including those with university degrees, higher incomes and satisfaction with their personal finances.
Political orientation, however, was the strongest predictor of views on the EU.
Among those identifying as left-wing, 97 percent support EU membership, compared with 86 percent of centrists.
Support drops to 67 percent among respondents who describe themselves as right-wing, with one in four in that group opposed.
Sixty percent of respondents said Poland benefits more than it loses from EU membership, while 21 percent said the country loses more than it gains.
Fifteen percent said the positive and negative effects are balanced.
Asked about the main advantages of EU membership, 73 percent cited open borders and freedom of travel, 52 percent pointed to improved infrastructure, 49 percent mentioned the ability to work in other EU countries, and 47 percent referred to access to EU funds.
Other perceived benefits included increased national security, economic development and support for agriculture.
Three percent said they saw no benefits.
Concerns about "a loss of sovereignty" have eased compared with previous years. Thirty-eight percent said EU membership excessively limits Poland’s sovereignty and independence, while 50 percent disagreed.
In 2024, forty-four percent said sovereignty was overly restricted and 43 percent saw no such threat.
Although overall support for EU membership remains high, CBOS said opposition has increased in recent years, accompanied by growing polarisation over the bloc’s future direction.
Between 2017 and 2022, support for deeper European integration ranged from 35 percent to 41 percent, significantly higher than the 16 percent to 19 percent who favored reducing integration, strengthening national governments or leaving the EU.
Today, 26 percent favour deeper integration, while 28 percent support increasing the role of national governments or Poland leaving the EU.
Support for a so-called “Polexit” remains low at 5 percent.
The largest group, 32 percent, favours maintaining the current level of integration, while 6 percent support a “multi-speed Europe,” in which some countries cooperate more closely than others.
Despite limited backing for leaving the EU, the topic continues to surface in public debate and on social media, CBOS said.
When asked about the potential consequences of Poland exiting the EU, 62 percent said the effects would likely be negative, while 9 percent saw possible benefits.
Respondents most frequently cited reduced national security (64 percent), slower development (62 percent) and a weaker international position (58 percent) as likely outcomes.
The survey was conducted from January 8 to 20 on a sample of 938 respondents.
(gs)
Source: PAP