Researchers at Anglia Ruskin University, whose findings were published in the journal Environment International, say the study is the largest of its kind conducted to date. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 99.
While the mental and physical benefits of time outdoors have long been recognized, the mechanisms behind them have been less understood. The study found that contact with nature helps people develop a more positive body image — and that greater body acceptance, in turn, accounts for higher levels of life satisfaction. The relationship held across all age groups and gender identities.
The researchers identified two pathways linking nature to body image. First, nature promotes self-compassion: the gentle sights and sounds of natural surroundings allow for reflection without cognitive overload, making it easier for people to be kind to themselves. Second, nature aids mental restoration. Urban environments demand constant concentration to navigate traffic, noise and crowds, which can lead to mental fatigue. Recovery in natural settings was also found to support more positive body image.
"We know that spending time in nature is good for our mental and physical health, but this study points to one important way those benefits translate into greater life satisfaction", said Prof. Viren Swami, the study's lead author. "Our findings show that being in nature is associated with greater self-compassion and a stronger sense of restoration — both of which are linked to a more positive body image and, ultimately, greater life satisfaction".
The researchers said they were struck by how consistent the results were across different countries, age groups and gender identities, suggesting that nature's positive effect on wellbeing may be deeply rooted in human psychology.
"At a time when many countries are looking for affordable ways to improve wellbeing, our findings highlight the value of natural environments as an important public health resource and reinforce the importance of using scientific evidence to shape spatial, educational and health policy", Swami said.
(jh)
Source: Polish Radio