The Polish world No. 1 outlasted the 16th-seeded Russian 6-4, 6-7, 6-3 in their fourth-round clash on Monday.
She took 2 hours and 25 minutes to make her first career Madrid Open quarterfinal.
"That wasn’t an easy match," Świątek said afterwards, as quoted on the wtatennis.com website.
"In the second set, I had the lead and I lost it, so for sure it wasn’t easy, but I’m pretty happy that I could reset in the third," she added. "I was ready, I got a break pretty early, so overall I’m happy with the performance."
The 21-year-old Pole will next face 27th-seeded Croatian Petra Martić for a place in the last four at the clay-court tournament in the Spanish capital.
The 2023 Madrid Open runs until May 7.
Świątek, coached by countryman Tomasz Wiktorowski, has topped the Women's Tennis Association's (WTA) world rankings since April 4, 2022.
The Polish player missed last year's Madrid Open due to a shoulder injury.
(gs)
Source: PAP, Canal+, wtatennis.com