Denzel Dumfries put the Netherlands ahead in the 28th minute at Stadion Feijenoord, but Matty Cash equalized for Poland in the 80th.
The Poles, captained by star striker Robert Lewandowski, managed to bounce back after a 1-2 loss to Finland in their previous qualifier.
The match marked the 37-year-old Lewandowski’s return as captain under new head coach Jan Urban. Former coach Michał Probierz resigned in July after a falling-out with the veteran forward.
Poland are ranked 37th worldwide by football's governing body FIFA, while the Netherlands are No. 7 in the FIFA table.
Poland began their World Cup qualifying campaign in March with a 1-0 home win over Lithuania, followed by a 2-0 victory against Malta and the away defeat to Finland.
After four rounds of qualifiers, Poland sit second in Group G with seven points. The Netherlands top the group with seven points from three games and an 11-1 goal difference, putting them ahead of Poland and Finland.
Poland next host Finland on Sunday in the southern city of Chorzów.
The top two teams in each group will qualify automatically.
The 2026 World Cup will be held in June and July next year in the United States, Canada and Mexico.
Poland reached the round of 16 at the 2022 World Cup in Qatar before being eliminated by eventual runners-up France.
(gs)
Source: IAR, PAP, pzpn.pl