The 2025 report, compiled by Clarivate, lists 6,868 scientists representing 1,300 institutions across 60 nations.
The United States, China and the United Kingdom dominate the ranking, while places such as Luxembourg, Iceland and French Polynesia each manage at least one entry.
Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and France lead among EU members, underscoring a stark concentration of scientific impact: more than 86% of all names come from just ten countries.
Over half of the listed researchers are based in the US or China, although this year marks the first in several years in which America’s share has risen while China’s has declined.
The University of California system tops the institutional ranking, followed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harvard University, Stanford University and Tsinghua University.
Interdisciplinary research forms the largest field, accounting for around half of all listed scientists, with clinical medicine, biology, biochemistry and the social sciences also strongly represented.
Clarivate notes that roughly 2,400 candidates were excluded during verification, including those with questionable citation patterns or publications later retracted.
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Source: Clarivate/PAP