Ireland's Danielle Hill won the silver, while Belgium's Roos Vanotterdijk finished third.
Piskorska touched in at 59.79 seconds, breaking the 1-minute barrier for the third time in her career, the Polish Swimming Association (PZP) said.
Her first-place finish marked the first swimming gold and the 12th medal overall for Poland at the 2024 European Aquatics Championships, which include pool swimming, open water swimming, artistic swimming and diving events.
Earlier in the day, Poland's Krzysztof Chmielewski won the silver in the men's 200m butterfly, and his twin brother Michał Chmielewski claimed the bronze in the same event.
On Friday, Poland’s Ksawery Masiuk took the silver in the men’s 50m backstroke, and the Polish mixed 4x100m freestyle relay team of Bartosz Piszczorowicz, Kamil Sieradzki, Wiktoria Guść and Zuzanna Famulok finished runners-up behind Hungary, earning another silver for Poland in Belgrade.
Ksawery Masiuk poses with his silver medal in Belgrade on Friday. Photo: EPA/ANTONIO BAT
Poland's medal haul at the continental championships includes two medals from diving events: Andrzej Rzeszutek's gold in the men's 1-metre springboard, and Aleksandra Błażowska's silver in the women's 1-metre springboard.
Andrzej Rzeszutek celebrating winning the gold in the men's 1-metre springboard at the 2024 European Aquatics Championships in Belgrade on Thursday, June 20, 2024. Photo: EPA/ANDREJ CUKIC
In swimming events, Poland's Jakub Majerski took the bronze in the men's 100m butterfly, Jan Kałusowski added another in the men's 200m breaststroke, and Piskorska finished third in the women's 50m backstroke.
Two more bronzes for Poland came from the women's 4x100m freestyle relay team of Kornelia Fiedkiewicz, Zuzanna Famulok, Wiktoria Guść and Aleksandra Polańska, and the men's 4x100m freestyle relay team of Mateusz Chowaniec, Dominik Dudys, Ksawery Masiuk and Kamil Sieradzki.
The 2024 European Aquatics Championships began in the Serbian capital on June 10 and run until Sunday.
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Source: IAR, PAP