Sports Minister Jakub Rutnicki granted Chwalińska a monthly scholarship of PLN 9,600 (EUR 2,265, USD 2,615), the maximum amount available under government funding regulations, state news agency PAP reported.
The 24-year-old last week reached the women's singles final at the French Open after advancing through qualifying.
"Determination, consistency and hard work can lead to the very top, as Maja Chwalińska's story shows," the ministry said in a statement.
"Her success is an inspiration to young athletes throughout the country," it added.
Chwalińska's nine-match winning streak in Paris ended on Saturday with a 3-6, 2-6 defeat to Russian teenager Mirra Andreeva in the final.
The result marked the biggest achievement of her career. After winning three qualifying matches, she defeated six more opponents to reach the championship match, playing a total of 10 matches at the tournament.
Her performance propelled her from No. 114 to No. 21 in the Women's Tennis Association's (WTA) world rankings released on Monday, making her the second-highest-ranked Polish player behind former world No. 1 Iga Świątek.
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