On December 7, 1941, the Nazis transported the first group of about 700 people to the site in western Poland, where an estimated 200,000 Jews were killed by 1945.
Kulmhof was the first Nazi camp created solely for mass murder, the history website dzieje.pl reported.
It operated from December 1941 to April 1943, and again from spring 1944 until January 1945.
Its primary purpose was to exterminate Jews from nearby ghettos, including the major ghetto in the city of Łódź.
The initial group of prisoners, brought from the town of Koło, were killed the next day in mobile gas vans.
Historians say Kulmhof served as a testing ground for methods later used at other Nazi death camps.
Throughout its operation, the Germans used these vehicle-mounted gas chambers to murder victims, even after more advanced, stationary installations were in place.
In total, about 200,000 Jews were killed at Kulmhof, including some 20,000 deported from Germany, Austria, the Czech lands and Luxembourg to the Łódź ghetto in 1941.
Victims also included around 4,300 Roma and Sinti from the Austria-Hungary border region, 92 Czech children, an unidentified number of Soviet prisoners, and groups of priests and children from Poland's eastern Zamojszczyzna region.
The Nazi German Kulmhof death camp operated in what is now the western Polish town of Chełmno.
(pm/gs)
Source dzieje.pl