Speaking at a news conference in Warsaw, Tusk said he wanted the country's Supreme Audit Office (NIK) to prepare a detailed report on how public healthcare funds are spent and identify cases where irregularities may have occurred.
"Where there are justified suspicions of financial abuse, this should also result in referrals to prosecutors," Tusk said.
The prime minister said the healthcare system had become increasingly dysfunctional over the years and pointed to large disparities in pay levels, particularly among doctors.
"I am not blaming anyone, but this system has become distorted," Tusk said. "In some hospitals, salaries account for nearly 100 percent of all expenditures."
He also criticised what he described as a lack of transparency about earnings in the public healthcare sector, saying authorities have limited access to detailed information about individual salaries.
The government on Tuesday approved draft legislation that would allow health authorities to collect data on medical workers' earnings linked to personal identification and professional licence numbers.
The proposal, drawn up by the health ministry, would give public institutions access to more detailed salary information.
Officials say the measure would help authorities better understand how labour costs affect the overall cost of healthcare services and improve funding decisions.
Tusk said the legislation, which the government hopes to fast-track through parliament, would also enable greater oversight of what he described as excessive pay packages.
At the same time, Tusk cautioned against turning the debate into a conflict between patients and doctors.
"It would be a bad thing if we created a confrontation between patients and doctors," he said, calling for dialogue with medical professionals on broader reforms to the healthcare system.
The government's focus on medical salaries follows media reports that one doctor still undergoing specialist training earned around PLN 1.6 million (EUR 380,000, USD 440,000) last year, an unusually high amount in a country where the average monthly wage is below PLN 10,000.
The doctor worked at several medical medical facilities, including Warsaw's Południowy Hospital, state news agency PAP reported.
He also served as a local councillor in Warsaw's Ursus district and was a member of the governing Civic Coalition (KO), from which he resigned on Monday, according to party officials.
Separately, the Polish Chamber of Physicians (NIL) said it had asked the profession's disciplinary authorities to investigate allegations that the doctor may have left medical shifts to appear in media interviews and attend parliamentary engagements.
Meanwhile, Warsaw's Południowy Hospital is being audited by city authorities and the National Health Fund (NFZ), which finances Poland's public healthcare system.
Tusk said he expected a full explanation from the Warsaw municipal government, which owns the hospital.
"If it turns out that ethical standards were violated, there will be political accountability," he said. "If the law was broken, prosecutors will deal with it."
The scrutiny comes amid reports that some patients, including politicians from the ruling KO party, received preferential treatment at the hospital, including expedited access to consultations and diagnostic tests.
Tusk argued that the problems were systemic rather than partisan.
"The system as a whole needs far-reaching reform," he said. "These distortions have no political colour; they cut across the spectrum," he added.
Source: IAR, PAP